How To Change The Token Lifetime For A SAML 20 Application With Azure Active Directory
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The Microsoft identity platform supports single sign-on (SSO) with most enterprise applications, including both applications pre-integrated in the Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) application gallery and custom applications. When a user authenticates to an application through the Microsoft identity platform using the SAML 2.0 protocol, the Microsoft identity platform sends a token to the application. And then, the application validates and uses the token to log the user in instead of prompting for a username and password.
By default, the Microsoft identity platform issues a SAML token to an application that contains a NameIdentifier claim with a value of the user's username (also known as the user principal name) in Azure AD, which can uniquely identify the user. The SAML token also contains other claims that include the user's email address, first name, and last name.
As per -us/azure/active-directory-b2c/saml-issuer-technical-profile#metadata TokenLifeTimeInSeconds specifies the life of the SAML Assertion. This value is in seconds from the NotBefore value referenced above. The default value is 300 seconds (5 Min).
Passes the ForceAuthN value in the SAML authentication request to determine if the external SAML IDP will be forced to prompt the user for authentication. By default, Azure AD B2C sets the ForceAuthN value to false on initial login. If the session is then reset (for example by using the prompt=login in OIDC) then the ForceAuthN value will be set to true. Setting the metadata item as shown below will force the value for all requests to the external IDP. Possible values: true or false. Ref: -us/azure/active-directory-b2c/saml-identity-provider-technical-profile#metadata
This setting allows configuration of lifetime for token issued by Azure Active Directory. This policy is replaced by Authentication session management with Conditional Access. If you are using Configurable token lifetimes today, we recommend starting the migration to the Conditional Access policies.
For details on what's inside the access token, clients should use the token response data that's returned with the access token to the client. When the client requests an access token, the Microsoft identity platform also returns some metadata about the access token for the consumption of the application. This information includes the expiry time of the access token and the scopes for which it's valid. This data allows the application to do intelligent caching of access tokens without having to parse the access token itself.
Azure AD limits the number of object IDs that it includes in the groups claim to stay within the size limit of the HTTP header. If a user is a member of more groups than the overage limit (150 for SAML tokens, 200 for JWT tokens, and only 6 if issued by using the implicit flow), then Azure AD doesn't emit the groups claim in the token. Instead, it includes an overage claim in the token that indicates to the application to query the Microsoft Graph API to retrieve the group membership of the user.
The lifetime of an access token can be adjusted to control how often the client application expires the application session, and how often it requires the user to reauthenticate (either silently or interactively). To override the default access token lifetime variation, set a static default access token lifetime by using Configurable token lifetime (CTL).
Here's an example of how default token lifetime variation works with sign-in frequency. Let's say an organization sets sign-in frequency to occur every hour. The actual sign-in interval occurs anywhere between 1 hour to 2.5 hours because the token is issued with lifetime ranging from 60-90 minutes (due to token lifetime variation).
If a user with a token with a one hour lifetime performs an interactive sign-in at 59 minutes (just before the sign-in frequency being exceeded), there's no credential prompt because the sign-in is below the SIF threshold. If a new token is issued with a lifetime of 90 minutes, the user wouldn't see a credential prompt for another hour and a half. When a silent renewal attempted of the 90-minute token lifetime is made, Azure AD requires a credential prompt because the total session length has exceeded the sign-in frequency setting of 1 hour. In this example, the time difference between credential prompts due to the SIF interval and token lifetime variation would be 2.5 hours.
If none of the above scenarios apply, the application won't benefit from validating the token, and may present a security and reliability risk if decisions are made based on the validity of the token. Public clients like native or single-page applications don't benefit from validating tokens because the application communicates directly with the IDP where SSL protection ensures the tokens are valid.
At any given point in time, Azure AD may sign an ID token using any one of a certain set of public-private key pairs. Azure AD rotates the possible set of keys on a periodic basis, so the application should be written to handle those key changes automatically. A reasonable frequency to check for updates to the public keys used by Azure AD is every 24 hours.
When an organization uses token lifetime configuration, the lifetime of refresh tokens can be altered. It's expected that some tokens can go without use. For example, the user doesn't open the application for three months and then the token expires. Applications can encounter scenarios where the login server rejects a refresh token due to its age.
This Azure AD ID token refresh cycle continues in the background based on the Azure AD token lifetime policy configurations. Users continue to access the customer engagement apps/Microsoft Dataverse data without the needs to reauthenticate until the Azure AD token lifetime policy expires.
Today Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) supports thousands of pre-integrated applications in the Azure Active Directory App Gallery. Over 500 of the applications support single sign-on by using the Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) 2.0 protocol, such as the NetSuite application. When a customer authenticates to an application through Azure AD by using SAML, Azure AD sends a token to the application (via an HTTP POST). The application then validates and uses the token to sign in the customer instead of prompting for a username and password. These SAML tokens are signed with the unique certificate that's generated in Azure AD and by specific standard algorithms.
Token expiration and refresh are a standard mechanism in the industry. When a client application like Outlook connects to a service like Exchange Online, the API requests are authorized using OAuth 2.0 access tokens. By default, access tokens are valid for one hour, when they expire the client is redirected to Azure AD to refresh them. That refresh period provides an opportunity to reevaluate policies for user access. For example: we might choose not to refresh the token because of a Conditional Access policy, or because the user has been disabled in the directory.
Customers have expressed concerns about the lag between when conditions change for a user, and when policy changes are enforced. Azure AD has experimented with the "blunt object" approach of reduced token lifetimes but found they can degrade user experiences and reliability without eliminating risks.
Because risk and policy are evaluated in real time, clients that negotiate continuous access evaluation aware sessions no longer rely on static access token lifetime policies. This change means that the configurable token lifetime policy isn't honored for clients negotiating CAE-aware sessions.
Token lifetime is increased to long lived, up to 28 hours, in CAE sessions. Revocation is driven by critical events and policy evaluation, not just an arbitrary time period. This change increases the stability of applications without affecting security posture.
If you aren't using CAE-capable clients, your default access token lifetime will remain 1 hour. The default only changes if you configured your access token lifetime with the Configurable Token Lifetime (CTL) preview feature.
Additionally, applications with custom signing keys can't be used as middle-tier APIs in the OBO flow. This includes enterprise applications configured for single sign-on. If the middle-tier API uses a custom signing key, the downstream API won't be able to validate the signature of the access token that is passed to it. This will result in an error because tokens signed with a key controlled by the client can't be safely accepted.
Assume that the user has been authenticated on an application using the OAuth 2.0 authorization code grant flow or another log in flow. At this point, the application has an access token for API A (token A) with the user's claims and consent to access the middle-tier web API (API A). Now, API A needs to make an authenticated request to the downstream web API (API B).
When you call a SAML-protected web service from a front-end web application, you can simply call the API and initiate a normal interactive authentication flow with the user's existing session. You only need to use an OBO flow when a service-to-service call requires a SAML token to provide user context.
When a client application connects to a service application that relies in Azure AD for authentication (for example the Outlook app connecting to Office 365 Exchange Online) the application will request a token to the Web Account Manager using its API.
During WinLogon there are two tokens that come back: the PRT and an ID Token that is for consumption of the client. There are no other tokens or refresh tokens. During authentication to an application, the PRT is exchanged by an access token. This happens via the Web Account Manager. The client calls this API to get the access token.
As I mentioned above, the access token expires in 1 hour by default. Even when the access token is expired, you can also request another access token using refresh token, because the refresh token is active (not expired) till 90 days (1 year when consumer account) by default. (The lifetime is configurable. See here for details.) 1e1e36bf2d