Rules And Regulations For The Javelin Throw
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Knowledge of throwing techniques well help you emerge as a winner in a competition. You must also be aware with various rules of a match else you will earn a penalty even after your best throw. So here are some of the important rules.
For the throw to be measured, the athlete must not turn his or her back to the landing area at any stage during their approach and throw; they must throw the javelin over the upper part of their throwing arm, and they must not cross the foul line, aka scratch line, at any time. The javelin must also land tip first and within the marked 29-degree sector.
In 1986 the men's javelin was redesigned; its centre of gravity was moved forward by four centimetres. This shortened throwing distances by approximately 10 per cent by bringing its nose down earlier and more steeply. This move was made because the men, following a world record of 104.80m by East Germany's Uwe Hohn in 1984, were in danger of throwing the javelin beyond the space available in normal stadiums. In 1999, the women's javelin was similarly redesigned.
The javelin throw is the field event where an athlete runs down a narrow runway then tosses a long, spear-like object as far as he can into a marked field area. The layout of the runway, the specs for the javelin and how it's thrown are all governed by the rules and regulations of the sport.
The runway must be at least 33 yards and as much as 37 yards long. Two white parallel lines, slightly wider than 4 feet apart, mark the runway. At the end of the runway is an arch-shaped foul line with a radius of about 9 feet. The arc, which is made of wood or some other type of durable material, must be flush with the ground and painted white. The thrower can't touch any of these lines, leave the runway, or the area outside of these lines, before the javelin lands.
The javelin head is made of metal, tapers to a point and is attached to either a hollow or solid shaft. The shaft must have a uniform, smooth surface with no ridges or grooves. The javelin can't have any attachments that can change its center of gravity or throwing characteristics. The cord grip must have a constant thickness and can't be more than .31 inches larger than the diameter of the shaft. The javelin used by men must be between 102 and 106 inches long with a minimum weight of 28 ounces. For women, the length is about 87 to 91 inches with a minimum weight of 21 ounces.
Proper technique requires the athlete to hold the javelin with only one hand on the cord grip. Gloves aren't allowed, and tape on the fingers is permitted only if its to cover an open wound. The rules do, however, allow athletes to chalk their hands. The javelin must be thrown with an over-the-shoulder motion. The competitor can't turn his back to the throwing area until the javelin is airborne.
The javelin must land within the "sector" to register a score. This fan-shaped area extends out from the ends of the arch-shaped foul line. The javelin can't land on the lines marking the sides of the sector. The metal head of the javelin has to hit the ground first or the throw is a foul.
Javelin is an ancient sport that dates back to around 708BC, involving the competition of throwing a spear for the longest distance. As such a long-lasting sport, it has subtly evolved over the years. Want to learn more about javelin? Read on to learn about the basic rules of the sport.
In principle, javelin is a very simple sport. Javelin was first introduced to sports as a part of the pentathlon in the Ancient Greek Olympics. The most simple rule is that competitors take turns throwing a spear, now called a javelin, as far as they can. The person who throws the farthest is the winner. Javelin has been a part of the modern Olympics since 1908 for men and 1932 for women. The basics of the competition have remained the same over the thousands of years since its creation.
Today, there are highly specific rules for the measurements of the javelins that athletes use. Traditionally, javelins were made of wood. Now, they can still be made of wood but are generally constructed of metal or fiberglass material. Javelins also have to fit specific measurement requirements. For men, the javelin has to be between 2.6 and 2.7 meters in length (approximately 8 feet 6 inches to 8 feet 10 inches) and has to weigh at least 800 grams (1.8 pounds). For women, the javelin has to weigh at least 600 grams (1.3 pounds) and measure between 2.2 meters (7 feet 3 inches) and 2.3 meters (7 feet 6 inches) long.
When throwing a javelin, there are rules you must follow in your physical motion. The first is that the athlete cannot turn their back on the throwing area at any time. This rule ensures that while you throw the javelin with as much strength as possible, you still have enough control to stop your body from rotating all the way around. On top of that, you cannot leave the throwing area. If any part of your body crosses the line at the end of the runway, your throw is not valid. This line is also called the foul line and the scratch line.
When throwing, you have to throw the javelin above your shoulder, and your arm and the javelin have to remain above the shoulder throughout the entire throwing process. You can only grip the javelin with one hand, and that hand must stay on the grip of the javelin. You cannot use a glove or tape on your throwing hand unless you are using tape to cover an open wound and have been approved by an official. However, you are allowed to chalk up your hand to reduce slipping.
The javelin throw is a track and field event where the javelin, a spear about 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in) in length, is thrown. The javelin thrower gains momentum by running within a predetermined area. Javelin throwing is an event of both the men's decathlon and the women's heptathlon.
The javelin throw was added to the Ancient Olympic Games as part of the pentathlon in 708 BC. It included two events, one for distance and the other for accuracy in hitting a target. The javelin was thrown with the aid of a thong (ankyle in Greek) that was wound around the middle of the shaft. Athletes held the javelin by the ankyle, and when they released the shaft, the unwinding of the thong gave the javelin a spiral trajectory.
The javelin throw has been part of the decathlon since the decathlon was introduced in the early 1910s; the all-around, an earlier ten-event contest of American origin, did not include the javelin throw. The javelin was also part of some (though not all) of the many early forms of women's pentathlon and has always been included in the heptathlon after it replaced the pentathlon in 1981.[9]
The size, shape, minimum weight, and center of gravity of the javelin are all defined by World Athletics rules. In international competition, men throw a javelin between 2.6 and 2.7 m (8 ft 6 in and 8 ft 10 in) in length and 800 g (28 oz) in weight, and women throw a javelin between 2.2 and 2.3 m (7 ft 3 in and 7 ft 7 in) in length and 600 g (21 oz) in weight. The javelin has a grip, about 150 mm (5.9 in) wide, made of cord and located at the javelin's center of gravity (0.9 to 1.06 m (2 ft 11 in to 3 ft 6 in)) from the javelin tip for the men's javelin and 0.8 to 0.92 m (2 ft 7 in to 3 ft 0 in) from the javelin tip for the women's javelin.
Unlike the other throwing events (shot put, discus, and hammer), the technique used to throw the javelin is dictated by IAAF rules and "non-orthodox" techniques are not permitted. The javelin must be held at its grip and thrown overhand, over the athlete's shoulder or upper arm. Further, the athlete is prohibited from turning completely around or starting with their back facing the direction of the throw. This prevents athletes from attempting to spin and hurl the javelin sidearm in the style of a discus throw. This rule was put in place when a group of athletes began experimenting with a spin technique referred to as "free style". On 24 October 1956, Pentti Saarikoski threw 99.52 m (326 ft 6 in)[10] using the technique holding the end of the javelin. Officials were so afraid of the out of control nature of the technique that the practice was banned through these rule specifications.
Instead of being confined to a circle, javelin throwers have a runway 4 m (13 ft) wide and at least 30 m (98 ft) in length, ending in an 8 m (26 ft) radius throwing arc from which their throw is measured; athletes typically use this distance to gain momentum in a "run-up" to their throw. Like the other throwing events, the competitor may not leave the throwing area (the runway) until after the implement lands. The need to come to a stop behind the throwing arc limits both how close the athlete can come to the line before the release as well as the maximum speed achieved at the time of release.
The javelin is thrown towards a 28.96º circular sector that is centered on the center point of the throwing arc. The angle of the throwing sector (28.96º) provides sector boundaries that are easy to construct and lay out on a field.[11] A throw is only legal if the tip of the javelin lands within this sector and first strikes the ground with its tip before any other part.[12] The distance of the throw is measured from the throwing arc to the point where the tip of the javelin landed, rounded down to the nearest centimeter.
Competition rules are similar to other throwing events: a round consists of one attempt by each competitor in turn, and competitions typically consist of three to six rounds. The competitor with the longest single legal throw (over all rounds) is the winner; in case of a tie, the competitors' second-longest throws are also considered. Competitions involving large numbers of athletes sometimes use a cut whereby all competitors compete in the first three rounds but only those who are currently among the top eight or have achieved some minimum distances are permitted to attempt to improve on their distance in additional rounds (typically three).
On 1 April 1986, the men's javelin (800 grams (1.76 lb)) was redesigned by the governing body (the IAAF Technical Committee). They decided to change the rules for javelin design because of the increasingly frequent flat landings and the resulting discussions and protests when these attempts were declared valid or invalid by competition judges. The world record had also crept up to a potentially dangerous level, 104.80 m (343.8 ft) by Uwe Hohn. With throws exceeding 100 meters, it was becoming difficult to safely stage the competition within the confines of a stadium infield. The javelin was redesigned so that the centre of gravity was moved 4 cm (1.6 in) forward. In addition, the surface area in front of centre of gravity was reduced, while the surface area behind the centre of gravity was increased. This had an effect similar to that produced by the feathers on an arrow. The javelin turns into the relative wind. This relative wind appears to originate from the ground as the javelin descends, thus the javelin turns to face the ground. As the javelin turns into the wind less lift is generated, reducing the flight distance by around 10% but also causing the javelin to stick in the ground more consistently. In 1999, the women's javelin (600 grams (1.32 lb)) was similarly redesigned.[13] 2b1af7f3a8